![]() Kaposi’s sarcoma remains a rare tumor that should be thought of in any patient whose immunity is down. With immune recovery (CD4 + count > 200/mm 3) 277 days after transplant, skin lesions faded. Since KS were limited to the skin and attributed to severe immune suppression a watchful waiting strategy was adopted even though in the first months after autologous HCT new skin lesions appeared. The extensive chemotherapy resulted in an important immunosuppression on day 105 after autologous HCT CD4 + count was 82/mm 3. When KS are limited to the skin, prognosis is usually better. Human immunodeficiency virus testing was negative and work-up showed that there were no visceral lesions. A biopsy was performed, showing many small vessels and positive immune histochemical staining for Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8), confirming diagnosis of KS. After the second course of low-dose bis-chloroethylnitrosourea, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan (BEAM) the patient developed several round blue skin lesions. Because of refractory disease he received multiple lines of chemotherapy prior to autologous HCT. We present the case of a 61-year-old male heterosexual patient of Moroccan origin treated for primary mediastinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This is the first case describing the disappearance of KS with immune recovery after autologous HCT. There are only a few reports of KS after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). ![]() It is best known as an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining illness that may be fatal. Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a tumor formed by angioproliferations driven by Human herpes virus 8 also known as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV).
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